History of the Cystoscope
From Cruise to the present
Previously published papers, archived and stored in the library for personal reading
1865: Sir Francis Cruise
The endoscope as an aid to the diagnosis and treatment of disease
BMJ 1865; 2: 329-363
In 1865 Cruise introduced an improved version of Desmoreaux's endoscope by using a mixture of petroleum and dissolved camphor to replace Desormeaux’s early gasoline mix, and thus significantly enhanced the lens system
Read the paper
1867: R Archer Warwick
A new form of endoscope
BMJ 1867; 1: 124
Mr Warwick of Richmond designed a new endoscope that used natural "north" light instead of an artificial light source
Read the paper
1888: E Hurry Fenwick
The electrical illumination of the male bladder by means of the new incandescent lamp cystoscope
BMJ 1888; 1: 240-241
Hurry Fenwick from The London and St Peter's Hospitals was a great proponent of the cystoscope. Here he describes the new Nitze and Leiter models incorporating the Swan / Edison light bulbs
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1888: Sir Henry Thompson
Clinical lecture on the Leiter's endoscope in the treatment of vesical disease
BMJ 1888; 1: 775-776
Henry Thompson reviews the new Leiter endoscope and concludes it would best used for complex cases only
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Review articles, either archived & stored as PDFs in the library or available on-line for logged-in subscribers
1973: David Wallace
New Lamps For Old
Proc Roy Soc Med 1973; 66: 455-458
This is David Wallace's RSM Urology Section Presidential address from 1973 - 4. It is a good account of the history of the cystoscope
Read the paper
1974: Prof John Mitchell
The Optical Criteria of Urological Endoscopes
Proc Roy Soc Med 1974: 67: 803-812
This is John Mitchell's RSM Urology Section Presidential address from 1974 - 5. It is an interesting review of endoscope optics
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2002: Jhoyti Shah
Endoscopy Through the Ages
BJU Int 2002; 89: 645–652
Jhoyti Shah's paper on the history of endoscopy is a great summary and a very enjoyable read (only available to logged-in BAUS members)
Read online
2009: Mary K Samplaski & J Stephen Jones
Two centuries of cystoscopy: the development of imaging, instrumentation and synergistic technologies
BJU Int 2009; 103: 154–158
Another good overview of the history of cystoscopes by two clinicians at the Cleveland Clinic, Ohio (only available to logged-in BAUS members)
Read online
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